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Book Description
Geometric objects such as points, lines, and polygons are the basis of a broad variety of important applications and give rise to an interesting set of problems and algorithms. The name geometry reminds us of its earliest use: for the measurement of land and materials. Today, computers are being used more and more to solve larger-scale geometric problems. Over the past two decades, a set of tools and techniques has been developed that takes advantage of the structure provided by geometry. This discipline is known as Computational Geometry.
The discipline was named and largely started around 1975 by Shamos, whose Ph.D. thesis attracted considerable attention. After a decade of development the field came into its own in 1985, when three components of any healthy discipline were realized: a textbook, a conference, and a journal. Preparata and Shamos's book Computational Geometry: An Introduction, the first textbook solely devoted to the topic, was published at about the same time as the first ACM Symposium on Computational Geometry was held, and just prior to the start of a new Springer-Verlag journal Discrete and Computational Geometry. The field is currently thriving. Since 1985, several texts, collections, and monographs have appeared. The annual symposium has attracted 100 papers and 200 attendees steadily.
There is evidence that the field is broadening to touch geometric modeling and geometric theorem proving. Perhaps most importantly, the first students who obtained their Ph.D.s in computer science with theses in computational geometry have graduated, obtained positions, and are now training the next generation of researchers.
Computational geometry is of practical importance because Euclidean space of two and three dimensions forms the arena in which real physical objects are arranged. A large number of applications areas such as pattern recognition, computer graphics, image processing, operations research, statistics, computer-aided design, robotics, etc., have been the incubation bed of the discipline since they provide inherently geo metric problems for which efficient algorithms have to be developed. A large number of manufacturing problems involve wire layout, facilities location, cutting-stock and related geometric optimization problems. Solving these efficiently on a high-speed computer requires the development of new geo metrical tools, as well as the application of fast-algorithm techniques, and is not simply a matter of translating well-known theorems into computer programs. From a theoretical standpoint, the complexity of geometric algo rithms is of interest because it sheds new light on the intrinsic difficulty of computation.
In this book, we concentrate on four major directions in computational geometry: the construction of convex hulls, proximity problems, searching problems and intersection problems.
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